Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale Essay Example

Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale Essay I. King Leontes’ monologue in Act I.ii.179-207 discloses his troubled, almost frantic state of mind at this early point in the play. The short aside that Leontes utters here reveals a psychological state where doubt has begun to sprout and proliferate. Through the specific use of figurative language in this speech, Shakespeare exposes the king’s hidden thoughts and designs, while also foreshadowing some of the confusions and mishaps in the play, which originate in Leontes’ unreasonable jealousy. The theme of jealousy, also central to another major Shakespearean play, Othello, is very significant in this passage. Thus, without heeding judgment and reason, Leontes indulges in impassionate and impulsive musings which will eventually prove destructive. The image that opens his aside depicts the king as a fisherman who is â€Å"angling† in the hope to detect the guilt of the two assumed lovers. The invisible thread that holds fishing rod alludes to the helpless and unsuspecting victims. Moreover, the image serves to describe the way in which the king will seek to ensnare two of the people he loved most, prior to his being blinded by jealousy. Having the patience and the slyness of a fisherman waiting for the bait to work, Leontes alludes here to his obviously premeditated plan: he seeks to outwardly encourage the affection between his wife and his best friend in order to have proof of their unfaithfulness.Furthermore, the king pictures his queen as a bird who â€Å"holds up the neb† to a seemingly unfaithful friend, thus adding to the idea of entrapment. With his sight blurred by fury and jealousy, the king sees signs of betrayal where there are none, therefore creating the perfect conditions for disaster. The king’s progressive absorption into maddening suspicions is also significant here: â€Å"Inch-thick, knee-deep, o’er head and ears a forked one!†. Gradually, Leontes renounces reason and clarity, sinking d eeper into the imaginary trap woven by his own mind. This is apparent in the great figurative charge of the word â€Å"play† in the king’s speech. Urging his infant son to go and play, he immediately muses on the different meaning that the word holds for him and the two traitors. First of all, in his hallucinatory state of mind, Leontes is convinced that his wife â€Å"plays† or fakes innocence to hide her adulterous relationship. Secondly, he himself plays, pretending not to suspect anything and thus hoping the culprits will give themselves away.Finally, Leontes also considers he will be playing a â€Å"disgraceful part† in the eyes of the community, when the presumed betrayal is found out.   Next, the troubled king moves on to meditate on the commonness of unfaithfulness, using other powerful images in the process. Thus, the word â€Å"sluiced† and the phrase â€Å"fished pond† give graphic, sexual descriptions of the wife’s adult ery. Moreover, the image of the wife as a pond fished by a smiling and deceitful neighbor hints at theft and misappropriation. Continuing in the same line of thought, the image of â€Å"open gates against their will† also suggests a forced and fraudulent entrance of the cunning neighbor. The remainder of the speech concludes with equally sexual imagery that the whole of the female kind is corrupt, with the unfaithfulness attaining cosmic dimensions: â€Å"It is a bawdy planet that will strike/ Where ‘tis predominant; and ‘tis powerful, think it,/ From east, west, north, and south. Be it concluded,/ No barricade for a belly.† Leontes’ speech here gives evidence of an oversized and impassionate jealousy which blinds him and disconnects him from the people he loves most and which will also be the cause of tragedy in the play.II. a). In most of Shakespeare’s plays there are extraordinary women, built as complex figures with important roles. In The Winter’s Tale, there are three women who manage to break out the limitations of traditional female portraiture. Hermione is brave and almost faultless in her behavior. The metaphor of her transformation into a statue and her subsequent coming to life at the end of the play speaks about rebirth and a second chance at happiness. As such, Shakespeare uses her as a symbol for fertility in the likeness of spring, the season which puts an end to winter and call nature back to life. Her exemplary conduit makes her a model female character. At the beginning, she is the devoted wife, mother and queen, who is eventually punished for endeavoring to treat her husband’s friend with honor and respect. Moreover, her infinite endurance and her ability to forgive her erring husband adds to her importance in the play. Perdita is also a very significant figure, whose arrival announces, as her name suggests, the retrieval of what had been lost. More than a simple character, Perdita, like Herminone, is a powerful symbol. Through her marriage to Florizel, Polixene’s son, she becomes the link that reunites the two friends and completes the family circle. Finally, Pauline is equally important, acting as a tireless supporter of the family. She protects and cares for Hermione and the king at the same time, mediating the happy ending of the play with wisdom and infinite patience.c). The recurrent images of rebirth in the play point to a very interesting direction in Shakespeare’s late writing. If in his tragedies the world would regain equilibrium only with the price of the protagonists’ lives, here we see a universe which is temporary out of balance but which miraculously manages to bounce back into place. An indication of maturity, this trait reveals a new dimension of the author’s writing: the images of rebirth allude to the natural cycles of the successive seasons, thus integrating man into the larger picture of a natural universe. The endi ng is miraculous, without being overly optimistic. Shakespeare demonstrates that tragedy, as well as romance, is a part of the natural course of events.d). The antithesis between loyalty and betrayal is at the thematic core of the play. Thus, in most of the instances, those who appear to betray are actually loyal. Hermione and Polixenes are never guilty of the accusations that Leontes showers on them. Camillo, who at first sight would appear to be the most disloyal of all and who â€Å"betrays† by turns Leontes, Polixenes and Florizel is actually one of the most clear-sighted characters in the play. It is partly due to his genial character and his insight that the final reunion takes place. Finally, Paulina manages to stay faithful to Hermione and the king at the same time, despite the conflict between them and despite the fact that the king is the indirect cause of her husband’s death. Thus, Leontes is curiously surrounded by extremely loyal people, while he suspects only betrayal and falseness.III. Answer: D.The Winter’s Tale, no less than other Shakespearian plays, has an ambiguous ending, without seeming so at first sight. The statue which is mysteriously animated makes the circle of life come complete. The happy reunion, however, is not perfect: Mamillius, the dead son of the king and queen, and Antigonus are missing. Through this device Shakespeare stays true to nature: while the happy reunion is possible and rebirth is a natural process, something is invariably lost on the way. Perdita is found again, but with the price of the death of queen and king’s other child. Two pairs reunite in marriage at the end, yet one pair had been broken in the process: Paulina and Lord Antigonus.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Cancer in the UK

Descriptive Epidemiology of Cancer in the UK Age standardized cancer incidences have been on the rise in the past decade in the United Kingdom. The increase in the incidence for both men and women has been reported to occur at varying rates. For men, the incidence increased by 14% and for women, the incidence rose by 32% from 1976-1977 to 2007-2010. Better cancer detection methods caused the higher rise in incidence rates before the late 1990s (Engholm 78).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Descriptive Epidemiology of Cancer in the UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The rate has constantly stabilized in the years that followed. Cancer is a major cause of mortality in the country regardless of advancement in its detection and reatment methods. Cancer had a recorded death toll of about 160,000 deaths in 2008 (3, 18-20). According to Engholm, there are about two million people living with or beyond cancer in the United Kingdom. The number of cancer survivors was r ecorded to rise by about 4% every year. Half of cancer cases get diagnosed in people aged 50-74 years old. Those aged 75 or older who suffer from cancer constitute about a third of the cancer diagnosed cases. The figure below shows the number of newly diagnosed cancer cases in men and women in the United Kingdom, 2010 (Engholm 21). Figure1 Prostrate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer that affects men in the United Kingdom. In 2010, the age standardized incidence rate was estimated at 423 100,000 person years. On the other hand, breast cancer in women has a higher incidence rate of 370 deaths per 100,000 person years. Lung cancer and colorectal cancer are the second most common cancer that affects both men and women. Lung cancer frequently causes death in both sexes, and contributes to 14% and 11% of cancer deaths, in men and women respectively (1). Figure 2 shows the standardized incidence and mortality rate of cancer cases in the United Kingdom for both men and women in 2008. Figure 2: Age-standardized rate of different cancer types in the United Kingdom, 2008 (1)Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Descriptive Epidemiology of Cancer in Sweden One of the major health problems in Sweden is cancer and there have been more than 44,000 new cancer cases every year between 2006 and 2010. Because of improved technology, the age standardized incidence rate of cancer cases in Sweden is almost twice the world record as shown in figure 3. Cancer contributes to about 23,000 deaths per year. 2009 recorded a total of 380,000 people living with cancer. Sweden recorded a large proportion of elderly population diagnosed with cancer and more than half of the cases of cancer are diagnosed in 50-74 year old persons, whereas a third of all cancer cases are diagnosed in people aged about 77 years and above (24). Figure 3 Â  a) Age-standardized incidence ra te of cancer for men b) Age-standardized incidence rate of cancer for women in Sweden Prostrate cancer is the most common cancer that affects men in Sweden, having an incidence rate of about 219 deaths per 100,000 person years as recorded in 2010. On the other hand, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women having an incidence rate of more than 141 deaths per 100,000 person years. In addition, breast cancer represented 30% of cancer cases in 2010. CancerStats Incidence 2008 showed that colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer that is diagnosed in both sexes.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Descriptive Epidemiology of Cancer in the UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Next type on the list is non melanoma skin cancer. In addition, the most frequent cause of deaths associated with cancer includes lung, bronchus, and trachea cancer. This is also the forth overall most common cause of de ath (24). Figure 4 indicates top ten cancers in men and women in Sweden in 2009. Figure 4 a. Ten cancer cases in men b. Ten cancer cases in women References Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin D. GLOBOCAN 2008 v1.2, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 10 [Internet]. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2010 [cited 2011 October 6]; Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr/. CancerStats Incidence 2008 – UK. Cancer Research UK; 2011 [cited 2011 October 6]; Available from: http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats. Death registrations by cause in England and Wales, 20092010 [cited 2011 October 10]. Available from: statistics.gov.uk/hub/health-social-care/health-of-the-population/causes-of-death. High Level Summary of Statistics: Population and Migration2011 [cited 2011 October, Available from: gro-scotland.gov.uk/files2/stats/high-level-summary/j11198/j1119800.htm. Registrar General Northern Ireland Annual Re port 20092009 [cited 2011 October 10]. Available from: nisra.gov.uk/demography/default.asp50.htm. Maddams J, Moller H, Devane C. Cancer Prevalence in the UK, 2008: National Cancer Intelligence Network; 2008. Engholm G, Ferlay J, Christensen N, Gjerstorff M, Johannesen T, Klint Ã…, et al. NORDCAN: Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Prevalence and Survival in the Nordic Countries, Version 4.0. Association of the Nordic Cancer Registries. Danish Cancer Society 2011 [cited 2011 October 10]. Available from: ancr.nu. World Health Organization Mortality Country Fact Sheet 2006: Sweden. 2006 [cited 2011 October 11]. Available from: who.int/whosis/mort/profiles/en/. Cancer Incidence in Sweden 2009. Sweden: Official Statistics of Sweden; 2010 [cited 2011 October 11]. Available from: www.socialstyrelsen.se. Office for National Statistics. (2010).Cancer Statistics Registrations Diagnosed in England 2006. London: Palgrave Macmillan Limited.

Final Paper - Building a More Just Society Research

Final - Building a More Just Society - Research Paper Example Moreover, the code of ethics was meant to addresses bad governance and malpractices such as corruption. The need for ethics laws came to the attention of the Special Legislative Committee on Integrity and Ethical Standards in the Government several years back. The committee argued that there was a problem with proper ethical standards. This problem was traced to the lack of checks and balances in the various arms of governments and other agencies. The lack of check and balances provided a conducive environment for unjust acts such as bribery, nepotism and misuse of public office. The end result of this was injustice in the society in general. It was therefore prudent to come up with a set of rules to help counter this problem Following the 1970 Watergate scandal, Congress passed the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (EGA). This act was to restore public confidence in the government officials as well as the political process. The Act ensured that no branch of the government assumes power THAT may allow it to be involved in malpractices such as corruption, nepotism or bribery (Sleight & Mancuso, 2010). In the United States of America, the US constitution recognizes and empowers the police to help in regulating public behavior and maintaining peace and order. Law and order is maintained so as to build a safer, more just, morally upright and healthy community (Sleight & Mancuso, 2010). The Tenth Amendment of the US constitution divides the power of the Federal government and the State government in order to protect the public from any form exploitation from either state or federal government. The constitution gives the law enforcement agencies the duty to serve the public by safeguarding lives and property. This code of ethics is bidding to every Law enforcer in the United States. Furthermore, these agencies usually take an oath of office to protect the innocent from deception, weak from oppression and

Nursing ethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing ethics - Term Paper Example However, the nurses cannot act in accordance with the demands made by the patients; on the contrary, they have to act according to their professional and ethical code for the complete and fast convalescence of the patients. The Paper The patients suffering from different diseases require urgent and intensive care in order to get relieved from the pain they are undergoing. However, sometimes it so happens that the treatment procedure is quite painful and somewhat awkward for the patient, where he is not ready to act upon the advice of the medical advisor. At such precarious state of affairs the nurses have to keep their professional obligation in mind in order to tackle the patient without creating too much annoyance for him. The same situation was created with an old patient, who was admitted at the hospital for the surgery of his leg. Being a pensioner, and the only source of income for the entire family as well, the patient maintained serious reservations regarding the expenditures being made on him. He requested repeatedly to the hospital staff to operate him as soon as possible so that he could escape from the extra expenditures and daily rent of the room he had hired at the hospital. However, being a chronic diabetic and heart patient as well, the doctors spent many days in controlling his sugar level in the blood. It seriously told upon the weak nerves of the patient, and he grew very weak and feeble by the time the operation was due. The nurses did not inform him regarding the room charges and service charges, as well as the fee being deducted from the patient’s deposit on every visit of the diabetes and heart specialists. The medical staff inserted artificial hip joint in the left leg of the patient, amount of which was really shocking for the patient. The doctors presented the charges bill the next day after the operation, and the patient was startled to look at the bill he had to pay for his two weeks long admission at the hospital. Consequentl y, he got a serious heart attack, and thus lost his life at the hospital. Had doctors not wasted two weeks in sugar control procedure, the life of the patient could have been saved. Though the medical staff does not escape its duties; rather, since the sugar control process is made keeping in view the health condition of the patient, the doctors took a fortnight time in the process, which was strictly beyond the capacity of the patient. Here appear the following ethical issues: Whether or not the serious diabetic should be recommended surgery at the age of seventy years Whether or not should the doctors have wasted fourteen days for controlling the blood sugar level Whether or not the bill should be presented to the patient on the very next day of the operation was conducted Should the doctors not have discounted the bill looking at the poor financial condition of the patient? It is true that the patient had been suffering from severe pain in his leg, and sought the help of the medi cal and nursing staff for the same. Somehow, the medical staff must have looked into his financial and physical position in order to save his life. Ethical values do not allow the professionals to give any harm to the patients, and thus escaping every possibility that may pave the way towards the increase in the severity of his ailment. Thus, the nurses have to take some unpleasant decisions for the best interest of the patient and his family. Ethical

E-Logistics and International Supply Chain Management Essay

E-Logistics and International Supply Chain Management - Essay Example This report stresses that the service management activities of a company aptly use the internet and other information and communication technologies. This is because it is the only source of information for the customers of the business. The use of internet is done to provide real time data to the customers, especially related to the interfaces with the functions of the operations and logistics departments. The internet has major impacts ion these processes in both the downstream activities and the internal parts of the supply chain. The internet is used for the recognition of events and understanding the opinion of the customers and is also used to communicate effectively with the customers regarding their needs and the responses of the company. This paper makes a conclusion that the impact of the internet is a major area of focus in the supply chain management process. The development of e-SCM is only a step forward to integrate internet effectively in the supply chain and logistic processes. The main impact of internet is that it allows the sharing of real time data which is very useful for the smooth functioning of the supply chain management system. The use of internet can lead to several benefits like there reduction in the costs, maintenance of optimal inventory levels, proper allocation of stocks, advanced planning and proper forecasting of the demands and quick response to the anticipated market demands.

Management Information System In Mcdonalds Information Technology Essay

Management Information System In Mcdonalds Information Technology Essay In any organization, the role of information in decision making is crucial. All the effective decisions are made on the basis of timely, accurate and relevant information. An organization where the relevant information is not available, it leads to poor planning, poor priority of needs, inappropriate decision making, and defective scheduling of programs and activities. The importance of information for proper decision making led to the development of management information system for organizations. The management information system in decision making aims to develop a system for the viable and effective use of modern information approach in the modern management practices (Laudon and Laudon, 2009). Management Information System (MIS) is concerned with the streamlined process of collecting, processing, storing and transmitting the relevant and required information to support entire management operations in any organization. Management Information System comprises of three resources: Academically, management information system and decision making is commonly referred to the automation of human decision making including Decision Support Systems, Expert systems and Executive information system (Laudon and Laudon, 2009). Criteria to select data and information to support decision making There is certain criterion which must be followed in order to select data and information. The criteria include following points: Information required Source of information Reason for which that particular source collected the information The problem which will be solved by that information Evaluation of different sources for acquiring best information along with best format and mode for information Parts of information which will be used Additional information required Presentation of information in order to understand the situation and take decisions ((Laudon and Laudon, 2008) Impact of Information Management System in an organization The Management Information System is being used extensively by many businesses worldwide. The MIS is designed by the top management and is used as a tool for accumulating and assembling facts and figures about all the important business processes including: Financial management Inventory management Technical foundation Asset management Forecasting Time and expense management Procurement Work force management The implementation of Management Information System in an organization ensures the appropriate flow of information to relevant departments and people without bottlenecks. This helps in making decisions not only at internal level but at external level too (Laudon and Laudon, 2008). The entire process of MIS provides the complete, reliable, timely and quality information to decision makers. The four types of computer based management information systems used commonly in organizations are: Transaction processing system Operating information system Expert system Decision support system The Management Information System impacts the organization in following ways: The MIS in an organization ensure the accurate and timely transaction processing. The processes become efficient as there are fewer chances of duplicate data entry and maintenance. The MIS in an organization helps in streamlining records and accounting management. The business processes become standardized due to MIS. MIS provides interactive support to managers which help them in decision making. MIS provides a systematic and easy way to dig out critical information as per specific requirements in preferred formats. MIS due to its time saving feature enables the organizations to gain competitive advantage over others. Although McDonalds has a market share in South Asia but it needs to do more research and gather information regarding the flavors to be introduced, customer expectations and other relevant market information. After collecting this information, this food chain needs to communicate this information efficiently to its employees in order to have the internal opinions for final decision making (OBrien and Marakas, 2008). By collecting information along with the data and information criteria, the business will be able to have a greater level of insight into how business actually works. Importance of information sharing within the organization Every organization has different hierarchical levels constituting managers, executives, employers, employees, administrative staff and lower staff. These levels in an organizational structure are developed for the sake of job description and designations in order to make every employee, manager and executive accountable of his/her actions. Various departments in an organization have their own sets of information which are of formal and informal nature. This information usually consist of work description, company policies, rules and regulations, budget for specific department, targets for specific department, goals for department and much more (McLeod and Schell, 2006). For any organization to be successful, interaction between different business departments or units is essential. The harmonized communication within the organization leads to better understanding of different jobs which are being carried out. The employees understand their perspective goals and the contribution of every department in accomplishing those goals. The inter-departmental communication helps in developing a team force directed towards achieving the goals. For achieving goals, formal information must be communicated along departments in order to have opinions from the employees as they being part of the organization could come up with better feedback. In addition to this, the information sharing within the organization has importance in the following way: By sharing information within the organization, inter-organizational communication and networking will improve. The communication between different organizational levels will support successful management of business and business operations. The information sharing within the organization will help in the sufficient use of executive resources. The sharing of information in an organization between different departments will increase the overall ability to make rational, sound and informed decisions involving combination of complex factors. The sharing of information will also enhance confidence and speed of decision making as well. The time factor will reduce and more work could be done as the work force will know every business dimension. By knowing every department and its role, the customer service will flourish as customer service agents will be able to answer every question easily. This will also improve the personnel relations with the organization as every employee will understand the nature of work and individual contribution of every department. The sharing of information will help bring clarity in communication within the organization as every department would be able to understand common terms and terminology. With such sharing, the business operations will develop higher degree of professionalism. (OBrien and Marakas, 2008) Although sharing information has been promoted in most of the organizations but there is a need for guidance when it comes to information sharing. The organizations must understand that employees must be confident that their personal information has been kept in privacy and secure from being accessed by any other employee. The privacy rights of every employee need to be maintained. The organizations must take the employees in confidence regarding the share of information. In this, the employees must have a clear idea how their personal data might be accessed or used by the company. Same is the case with work related information sourcing, sharing and storing. Some of the work related information of other departments must be communicated in order to streamline the processes to achieve the organizational goals. However there are certain decisions and approaches applied in department judging the requirement of the work. Such information must not be shared unless proper consent has been g iven by higher management. The employees must only share such information with an open consent of higher officials (McLeod and Schell, 2006). Similarly, the organization need to streamline and direct which information should go to which department. There should be filters in the bulk of information so that the concerned employee or department receives the information only. The information of sensitive nature must be kept safe with secure privacy system so that only relevant higher management could access it. Format for offering information For any organization, choosing information sharing format must be based on underlying condition according to which a data format should only be approved for information preservation if it is fully known to the organization and the authority in charge of preserving information. There are various information sharing formats: Code Coding Encoding Metadata Publicly standardized format Published format Standard Mandatory statement These and other formats are available to organizations for offering information. However the organization must ensure that the format used must be clear to them in terms of its functioning. McDonalds must promote information sharing within departments in order to know their opinions so a better product could be launched. Use of information to support strategic decision making Decision making for any organization is the selection of course of action. The process of decision making produce a final choice and this choice can be an opinion or an action. The decision making process must be routed down to lowest possible level in the organization. But for every decision in an organization, proper and relevant information is required based on which analysis could be made and further implemented. Producing data and information should not be an end in itself but it should be made an integral part of the performance management, operations and governance arrangements of an organization. Organizations that pay central attention to the use of information while making decisions often end up making reliable choices. However, good quality data is an essential ingredient when it comes to development of reliable decision. The data must be relevant and perfect for the purpose with timely and accurate representation. In addition to this, an organization must reach for a bala nce between the importance of information required and cost of collecting such data (Haag and Cummings, 2009). Use of information to support strategic decision making could be achieved by following this timeline: Identify the decision to be made along with the goals that organization has to achieve through the decision. In this regard, determine the limitations and scope of the decision. In case of McDonalds, they can use this technique before launching the new product. They can decide if the new product should be launched in proper market or just test market. On these lines, the company needs to be very clear about their goals as well. Get as many facts as you can about the decision an organization is going to take. McDonalds must go for detailed information regarding their performances in Asian region to get the drift of their problem. After collecting these facts, the organization must communicate these facts to employees of every department in order to get the opinion on the launch of the product. After getting the facts, develop choices by developing alternatives. McDonalds can change the ingredients of their products in order to prepare different flavors. Along with identifying alternatives, create as well. This is the evaluation phase of every alternative. McDonalds now need to consider the negative aspect of every alternative (cost, problems, consequences, time needed etc) and the positives (time saved, money saved, creativity, employees happy, customers happy etc). In decision making, there is always some uncertainty regarding the choice made. So the risk comparison amongst the many alternatives must be completed before making the choice. The choice with minimum risk along with other positive aspects would work in the end. Finally take the decision. After taking the decision, implement it and then evaluate the implementation. Once the organization follows this process, it will become part of every strategic decision making. The aggregate of this information can further be used to predict trends and patterns. In case of McDonalds, they can take up this approach and use the data and information in future before launching their new product in a problem area. By following these steps, McDonalds will have a an information pool from all business processes including financial, human resource, inventory, logistics, quality control, resources etc giving out a perfect base to McDonalds in making future strategic business decisions (McDonalds, 2011). To support the strategic business decisions, there are various decision making tools and techniques which can be used. An organization can either use one or a combination of these tools depending on the amount of information and risks in decision making process. The decision making tools and techniques come in various forms and can help the organization in taking the core strategic business decision. Some of these tools are: Cost benefit analysis model Weighted matrix BCG Matrix Decision support system Decision trees SWOT PEST PMI- Pluses, minuses, interesting points Paretos Analysis Six thinking hats Mind mapping McDonalds can use all these tools and techniques in order to expand their market share in Asia region. The need is to do research in every dimension and communicate that information within the organization. There should not be any bottlenecks within the organizational communication. The decision making process would become easier if all the above steps are streamlined within the given period of planning and launching the product. By building up credible information in the information pool, McDonalds will be able to expand its operation and market easily. Evaluate and monitor Management Information System The Management Information System in an organization primarily depends on the quality of information and its source which are people, research and other sources. However this system is maintained in an organization by using the Information Technology and Information Systems. These days, due to adoption of Management Information System in all organizations, the financial investments in Information Technology and Information Systems have increased. With the growing significance of Management Information System in organizational infrastructure development, the performance and evaluation of new technology being used in these systems remains a focus for management. The evaluation process of Management Information System requires the appraisal of techniques which are being used in the information system development. The evaluation process takes into account the technologies which an enterprise is using to integrate information systems between and within organizations. The evaluation purpos e includes the costs, benefits and risks associated with the diffusion or adoption of certain technology for information systems and impact assessment through management information system in an organization (Oz, 2008). Information is a vital asset of any organization which helps determine the enterprise in creating new products and services. Information helps the organization to either withdraw from the markets or enter new markets. But information presented in raw form does not serve the purpose. For maximizing the worth of information, it is captured, quantified, analyzed, compiled, manipulated, shared and made accessible. All this requires the strong foundation and network of information systems (Laudon and Laudon, 2009). Along with considering cost for developing the information systems, the organization must consider the following factors in monitoring and evaluation of the management information system and its components: Number of users Modularity of the system Ease in integration of new components in the system Ease to remove outdated component Amount of information to be processed Type of information to be processed Computing power required by different organizational departments The anticipated functional life of components or system User friendly components for people involved For any organization, the management information system must be maintained in a way to minimize downtime. The enterprise must monitor the processing time of information in order to assure the successful implementation of management information system. A vital consideration in terms of monitoring the management information system is the users access to information in the context that which users can access the information. The organization must ensure that the system grants access to different data by applying user-level permission for access in order to avoid any legal issues regarding privacy of the information. For this, the organization can create unique profiles for each user of the management information system with relevant user-level permissions providing proper clearance. The enterprise can administer the MIS by using individual passwords in order to delineate each user along with their level of access rights. In addition to this, identification of tasks performed by each user will be possible with this password system. The user identification process can also help in gaining data, its measurement and assessment about the performance of any user (McLeod and Schell, 2006). One of the most crucial aspect of monitoring the information system is maintaining the communication between the IS staff of the organization that are involved in the technical perspective, and the system users who communicate their needs or concerns in prosaic terminology. The organization need to monitor this situation by eliminating the language barriers between the IS staff and system users with patience, negotiation and understanding. The organization must maintain a centralized body to provide assistance, information and services to the users of the systems. The information which is being stored by an enterprise builds up a current pool for all users. The archived of the information should not only be a place for storage of information but it must be updated from time to time in order to make it useable for current needs and requirements. An information system is more than software or hardware and people who design it, use it and maintain it are the integral part of this system. The staff of IS must be paired with training department in order to upgrade their skills for better application of the information system and its maintenance (Haag and Cummings, 2009). McDonalds after developing the pool of information needs to monitor it so that the company could analyze the information in order to predict the trends and patterns of the future. As the problem McDonalds had to face was due to the lack of reliable and authentic information, so need of the hour is to build a strong management information system.

Fast Food is Destroying America Essay -- Fast Food is Killing America

"We provide food that customers love, day after day after day. People just want more of it† (Ray Kroc, Founder of McDonald’s). Coronary Artery Disease is a type of heart disease and the most common cause of heart attacks. Plaque from eating unhealthy foods, builds up in the arteries, the arteries harden and begin to become narrow and can cause chest pain and heart attacks. â€Å"Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.† The environment is affected by the fast food industry because of the amount of pollution and trash they produce on a daily basis. The fast food industry has a harmful effect on society. Fast food has a harmful effect on society because it can cause Coronary Artery Disease. Nancy Clarke indicates â€Å"Fast food contains high amounts of cholesterol and salt, two nutrients that contribute to cardiovascular health problems† (parag. 2). Fast food is known to be unhealthy, it is high in fat, sodium, and cholesterol, which can cause Atherosclerosis and lead to Heart Disease. The U.S Center for Disease Control and Prevention claim there is a direct link between sodium and high blood pressure. Fast food is high in sodium and cholesterol can build-up plaque. The American Heart Association indicates â€Å"Atherosclerosis is a slow, progressive disease that may start in childhood† (parag. 4). Most patients have no idea that they could possibly have atherosclerosis. Trying to find out if someone has this disease is very difficult, the person would have to have a heart attack or stroke first. This is because it develops gradually, but when atherosclerosis starts to develop it usuall... ...e/442066-diseases-caused-by-eating-too-much-fast-food/>. Bhimji, MD, Shabir, and Shehnaz Shaikh, MD. "Hardening of the Arteries."Emedicinehealth. Ed. Alan D. Forker. Www.WebMD.com, n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . Walton, Katelyn. "Faster Is Not Always Better – How Fast Food Effects the Environment | One Shade Greener." Faster Is Not Always Better – How Fast Food Effects the Environment | One Shade Greener. N.p., 18 Aug. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . "Fast Food." Food Empowerment Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . "Fast Food Statistics." Statistic Brain RSS. N.p., 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. . Fast Food is Destroying America Essay -- Fast Food is Killing America "We provide food that customers love, day after day after day. People just want more of it† (Ray Kroc, Founder of McDonald’s). Coronary Artery Disease is a type of heart disease and the most common cause of heart attacks. Plaque from eating unhealthy foods, builds up in the arteries, the arteries harden and begin to become narrow and can cause chest pain and heart attacks. â€Å"Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.† The environment is affected by the fast food industry because of the amount of pollution and trash they produce on a daily basis. The fast food industry has a harmful effect on society. Fast food has a harmful effect on society because it can cause Coronary Artery Disease. Nancy Clarke indicates â€Å"Fast food contains high amounts of cholesterol and salt, two nutrients that contribute to cardiovascular health problems† (parag. 2). Fast food is known to be unhealthy, it is high in fat, sodium, and cholesterol, which can cause Atherosclerosis and lead to Heart Disease. The U.S Center for Disease Control and Prevention claim there is a direct link between sodium and high blood pressure. Fast food is high in sodium and cholesterol can build-up plaque. The American Heart Association indicates â€Å"Atherosclerosis is a slow, progressive disease that may start in childhood† (parag. 4). Most patients have no idea that they could possibly have atherosclerosis. Trying to find out if someone has this disease is very difficult, the person would have to have a heart attack or stroke first. This is because it develops gradually, but when atherosclerosis starts to develop it usuall... ...e/442066-diseases-caused-by-eating-too-much-fast-food/>. Bhimji, MD, Shabir, and Shehnaz Shaikh, MD. "Hardening of the Arteries."Emedicinehealth. Ed. Alan D. Forker. Www.WebMD.com, n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . Walton, Katelyn. "Faster Is Not Always Better – How Fast Food Effects the Environment | One Shade Greener." Faster Is Not Always Better – How Fast Food Effects the Environment | One Shade Greener. N.p., 18 Aug. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . "Fast Food." Food Empowerment Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . "Fast Food Statistics." Statistic Brain RSS. N.p., 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. .